In part I, we have seen that there are absolutist vegan pacifists who insist that any militant action against tyranny is condemnable on the ground that innocent animals will inevitably be killed. This stance, however, ignores the much greater and more prolonged suffering that tyrannical systems impose upon the whole created order. 1. Just Wars vs. Unjust Wars Recently, Pope Leo XIV has strongly criticised the bombing of Iran by the US and Israel, framing it in moral and theol

One of the most serious ethical questions confronting Vegan Theology today is whether the presence of innocent animal casualties in human conflicts means that all forms of resistance to tyranny, oppression, and anti-human regimes must be rejected outright. Some advocates of radical non-violence, especially from a strict atheistic vegan pacifist perspective, argue that because war, military intervention, and even targeted resistance inevitably cause the deaths of birds, small

“ Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God,” says Jesus ( Matthew 5:9 ). 1. We Are Not Peacemakers to Animals Toward animals, we are not agents of peace. We aren’t even fair opponents—since the term “warrior” implies some degree of justice, parity, or honour. Rather, we act as oppressors—despots, tyrants, dictators. The way we treat animals is fundamentally violent. We strip them of their God-given right to live in accordance with their natu

The top-left inset within the larger image of Jesus and Mary Magdalene is a capscreen from an advertisement reel by KFC Spain on X (Twitter), grotesquely depicting beheaded carcasses of fried chickens dancing for human amusement. From a Vegan Theology perspective, this is profoundly disturbing. The violated bodies of God’s sentient creatures are here transformed into commercial entertainment, mockery, and spectacle. As animal rights advocate Tash Peterson rightly observed in